FIFO and FEFO: Why the Rule Is Clear but the Practice Fails
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FIFO and FEFO: Why the Rule Is Clear but the Practice Fails

Every warehouse knows "first in, first out". Yet damaged and expired stock turns up in almost every count. The problem is not the rule — it is the design.

The rule is well known; the practice is rare

There is no warehouse that does not know the FIFO principle (first in, first out), and no pharmaceutical or food warehouse that does not know FEFO (first expired, first out). Yet damaged and expired stock appears in every count. Why?

Reason one: the design works against the rule

When new goods are stored in front of older ones in the same location, you are asking the operative to make an extra effort in order to follow the rule. And a rule that demands extra effort is not followed consistently.

The fix is a design fix, not a training one: storage locations that allow loading from one side and picking from the opposite side, or separate locations allocated to different batches.

Reason two: no batch traceability

If the system knows only the quantity, with no receipt date or batch number, there is no way to tell which units are older. Batch/lot tracking is not a luxury in shelf-life sectors — it is a basic requirement.

Reason three: no measure

What is not measured is not done. Measure the proportion of items picked in the correct sequence, and the ratio of damaged stock to total inventory, monthly. When the figure appears in a report that gets discussed, behaviour changes.

When do you choose FEFO over FIFO?

With shelf-life goods, the oldest receipt is not necessarily the nearest expiry. Pharmaceuticals, food and chemicals are always managed under FEFO — and confusing the two carries a direct cost in write-offs.

United Integrated Team

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